Internal Structure of Satellites
Power Supplies
Some devices/tools are needed for the hardware inside the satellites to work and perform their functions. The most prominent of these are known batteries. If the satellite's mission in orbit will continue a months-to-month basis, then the batteries will be a big problem. Because the power supply to be in question must show continuity. The most suitable energy source used in this sense is the Sun. In this case, the required electric current is obtained by means of solar cells. solar cells: It converts solar energy into electrical energy. However, it is possible to obtain electrical energy from them only when sunlight is present. The satellite uses rechargeable batteries for its energy needs while in orbit in the dark. The said batteries are charged with the current obtained from solar energy and then used according to the situation and requirement.
Temperature Control in Satellite
The best efficiency can be obtained from all equipment used for scientific purposes at appropriate temperature values. Due to this requirement, the satellite in elliptical orbit is kept in a vacuum environment. Undesirably, some of the electric current becomes heat. As a result, the resistance in the circuit increases. In systems located in air, cooling occurs with convection currents. However, the temperature in satellites; It is a function of the radiant energy absorbed and released from the surface. Energy balance is achieved through radiation. The surrounding container (vacuum environment) in which the satellite equipment is located is extremely resistant to the heat that will come from the surface and be released. The heat values formed here are under constant control and there is a heat tolerance (change) value. In this sense, for balance, the following must be;
a) The amount of energy produced inside
b) The amount of energy escaping out
c) Knowing the amount of energy coming from outside
Data transfer
The energy sources used for data transmission from satellites are not as diverse and multi-option as in the world, so there is a limitation.
Source:
https://astronomi.istanbul.edu.tr/ders_proje/konu10.htm
